Keyword clustering
What is keyword clustering?
Keyword clustering is grouping related keywords that share the same search intent and similar Google results, so each group can be targeted by one page. For example, "how to descale a kettle", "kettle descaling vinegar" and "remove limescale from kettle" form one cluster. Clustering turns a long keyword list into a list of pages to create.

The most reliable method is SERP overlap: if two keywords share several of the same URLs in their top 10, Google treats them as one topic, so one page can rank for both. Grouping by shared words alone is less reliable, because "apple pie" and "apple support" share a word but nothing else. Many tools automate SERP-based clustering; you can also do it by hand for smaller lists.
Why keyword clustering matters for SEO
Without clustering, it is easy to write a separate page for every keyword variation, which creates thin, overlapping pages and keyword cannibalization. Clustering gives you fewer, stronger pages that each rank for many queries.
Clusters also make planning easier. Each cluster has a primary keyword and secondary keywords, and related clusters can be organised into a topic cluster with a pillar page and supporting pages.
How to cluster keywords
- Export your keyword list with volume and intent.
- Pick the highest-volume keyword not yet grouped and look at its top 10.
- For each remaining keyword, compare its top 10. If they share around three or more URLs, put it in the same cluster.
- Split keywords with different intent into separate clusters even if the wording is similar.
- Name each cluster by its primary keyword and sum its volume.
- Repeat until every keyword is grouped, then map clusters to pages.
Keyword clustering example
Cluster: how to descale a kettle
how to descale a kettle
descale kettle with vinegar
kettle limescale removal
Cluster: best kettle for hard water
best kettle for hard water
kettle with limescale filterKeyword clustering FAQ
What is the difference between keyword clustering and topic clusters?
Keyword clustering groups keywords that one page can target. A topic cluster is a group of pages, a pillar page and supporting articles, covering a broad subject and linked together.
How many keywords should be in a cluster?
As many as share the same results. Some clusters hold two keywords, others hundreds of variations.
Related SEO terms
Keyword mapping is assigning target keywords to specific pages on your site, so every page has a clear focus and no two pages compete.
A topic cluster is a group of pages about one subject: a pillar page covering it broadly, linked to cluster pages that cover subtopics in depth.
A primary keyword is the main search term a page is built to rank for. It guides the page’s title, H1, URL and content.
Secondary keywords are related terms a page targets alongside its primary keyword: variations, synonyms and subtopics with the same intent.
Search intent is the reason behind a search: what the person wants to know, find or do. Matching it is one of the most important parts of SEO.
Keyword cannibalization is when several pages on one site target the same keyword and intent, so they compete and none ranks as well as it could.
A parent topic is the broader keyword that the top-ranking page for a search gets most of its traffic from. It shows whether one page can cover both.